Optimal epidemic suppression under an ICU constraint

Abstract

How much and when should we limit economic and social activity to ensure that the health-care system is not overwhelmed during an epidemic? We study a setting where ICU resources are constrained and suppression is costly. Providing a fully analytical solution we show that the common wisdom of “flattening the curve”, where suppression measures are continuously taken to hold down the spread throughout the epidemic, is suboptimal. Instead, the optimal suppression is discontinuous. The epidemic should be left unregulated in a first phase and when the ICU constraint is approaching society should quickly lock down (a discontinuity). After the lockdown regulation should gradually be lifted, holding the rate of infected constant, thus respecting the ICU resources while not unnecessarily limiting economic activity. In a final phase, regulation is lifted. We call this strategy “filling the box”.

Keywords

Replaced by

Laurent Miclo, Daniel Spiro, and Jörgen W. Weibull, “Optimal epidemic suppression under an ICU constraint”, Journal of Mathematical Economics, vol. 101, n. 102669, August 2022.

Reference

Laurent Miclo, Jörgen W. Weibull, and Daniel Spiro, “Optimal epidemic suppression under an ICU constraint”, TSE Working Paper, n. 20-1111, June 2020.